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The paper aims to analyze cognitive attributes affecting the overall destination image perception of British, German and Russian tourists toward Antalya, a well-positioned mass tourism destination in the East Mediterranean region dominated by an all-inclusive (AI) system.

The paper is an empirical study using a structured questionnaire conducted in the summer of 2018 with 274 British, 179 German and 231 Russian tourists departing to their respective source markets from Antalya International Airport. The mean values are used as performance and correlation coefficients of the relationship between each cognitive image dimension and overall image evaluation is used to express importance.

The paper provides empirical insights that these three nationalities prefer Antalya as an AI holiday destination for different reasons and that each nationality demands attention to different factors of the destination for improvement or preservation.

This study provides specific recommendations for AI destinations such as Antalya for the German, British and Russian source markets. When other source markets or types of destinations are considered, the findings of this study should be re-considered. Utilization of the original and modernized importance performance analysis (IPA) plot interpretations in this research reveals a deeper understanding of current findings and provides a new perspective for further research and guidance for destination managers and marketers.

Utilization of both original and modernized IPA plot interpretation in this research not only reveals a deeper understanding of current findings but also provides a new perspective for future studies and guidance for destination managers and marketers.

Unlike the majority of destination image research, this study of destination image based on individual nationalities enables tailor-made destination image development according to diversified importance and performance of destination attributes affecting the overall destination image for each nationality.

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting e-trust perception of tourists using Web-based travel intermediaries (WBTIs). Cognitive and affective attitude components are believed to be important in assessing the e-trust perception of tourists. However, this paper aims to investigate if self-efficacy would be an important predictor for e-trust in the context of WBTIs.

The quantitative research method is used in this study. Data were collected by the survey method from the tourists who visited Istanbul/Turkey and made their bookings via Web-based travel intermediaries. Hierarchical linear regression analysis is used to investigate to which extent age/gender/years of usage, self-efficacy, cognitive and affective components are affecting tourists’ e-trust perception.

According to the study results, self-efficacy, the attitude components, in addition to the demographic variables, predict a significant amount of variance (45%) in e-trust for Web-based travel intermediaries. Besides attitude components, self-efficacy is put forward as significantly important in the perception of e-trust.

The novelty of the current study is that it uses hierarchical regression to test if self-efficacy would be an important predictor for e-trust while examining the effect of various predictive variables in sequential order. Therefore, the relative importance of this e-trust predictor can be evaluated based on how much it contributes to the prediction over and above other important antecedents of e-trust according to the literature. This study provides evidence that the social cognitive theory may be useful in understanding e-trust in online tourist behavior.

论网络旅游中介的网络信任的原因：调研伊斯坦布尔游客

本论文旨在调研影响网络旅游中介（WBTIs）的游客网络信任的各项因子。认知与态度因素是形成游客的网络信任的重要方面。然而, 本论文旨在研究是否自我效能感对于WBTIs的网络信任构成重要的影响因子。

本论文采用定量分析法。数据采用问卷形式采集, 样本人群为伊斯坦布尔/土耳其的游客, 他们通过网络旅游中介订购他们的旅程。本论文采用层次回归分析法来检测年龄/性别/使用年份, 自我效能感, 认知与态度因子, 在何种程度上影响旅游的网络信任感知。

研究结果表明, 自我效能感, 态度成分, 以及人口统计变量, 解释了WBTIs网络信任的45%变量方差。除了态度因子, 系我效能对于网络信任起到显著的促进作用。

本论文的特别之处在于其使用了层次回归分析法检测了是否自我效能感对于影响网络信任, 同时又检验了各种预测变量作用的大小层次。因此, 每个信任预测因子的作用大小可以根据其对预测方差的大小比较来判断。本论文提出社会认知理论对理解在线旅游行为的网络信任有着显著帮助。

Tourism movements are increasingly of interest as economic, social and cultural events, which annually, and on a country basis make one destination more popular than another. Additionally, tourism is an important factor for establishing international peace, cultural and trade activities between human beings, increasing employment, furthering interaction between communities and bringing financial support to economies. In the tourism sphere, competing countries are trying to cope with each other by mentioning and emphasizing their differences. In this context, using the tourist supply in an efficient and productive way will increase the level of tourism support to countries and to regions on a large scale. In order to reach this aim, analysing and examining the differences in tourist demand in certain periods have key importance. The aim of this research is to examine the profiles and expectations of tourists coming to the Antalya Region of Turkey.

Over the past few decades, the tourism industry has attracted considerable political and research attention. Given the importance of tourism as an economic activity in Turkey and subsequent growth in tourism related employment, careers in hospitality industry are a significant option available to individuals seeking jobs within the Turkish labour market. Examining the careers of hotel managers can give valuable signals about tourism labour market behaviour and career development of hotel managers in different levels. The results of this research may shed useful information on tourism careers and hopefully enable employers to manage their tourism workforce better.

One of the ways of improving organizational performance is to focus on individual performance and to analyze the knowledge and skills needs for effective job performance. Relevant literature suggests that needs should be studied as gaps in competencies. This study reports findings from data relating to the perceptions of middle‐level managers about the importance and current state of managerial competencies in the tourism sector. Data was collected through a questionnaire survey conducted in the hospitality facilities in Antalya, the so‐called capital city of tourism on the Mediterranean coast of Turkey. Respondents were asked about the importance and also present level of managerial competencies (technical and generic) required for effective job performance. Gaps were measured by subtracting the importance value ascribed to the competency from the value ascribed to the present competency level. The objective of this replication exercise was to adhere as closely as possible to the methodology and instruments used by Agut and Grau to facilitate direct comparison.

The purpose of this paper is to reveal the relationship between personality traits, travel motivations, perceived destination quality, overall destination satisfaction and behavioral intentions of domestic tourists.

The quantitative research method was used in the study. A survey technique was used to collect data. Data were applied to incoming domestic tourist to Gaziantep and Sanliurfa cities in Southeast Anatolia of Turkey. The data obtained were analyzed by structural equation modeling.

The study showed that personal traits “agreeableness” and “conscientiousness” positively affect relaxation motivation. Cultural and relaxation motivations had a positive impact on satisfaction, whereas pleasure-seeking motivation has a negative impact on satisfaction. In addition, overall destination satisfaction is positively affected by destination quality perceptions and affects loyalty in a positive way.

During the literature review phase, no scale was found according to different destination characteristics (cultural, nature and sea destinations). In this regard, developing new scales to measure destination quality in accordance with different destination types would allow comprehending the subject in a more clear and detailed way.

The establishment of relationship between variable examined by this study ensures that product and services provided by the destination reach the correct target audience, which brings along the success to destination. For instance, destination management organizations could get information from travel agencies they work with about the characteristics, and motivations of tourists, and could develop their strategies, and plans, accordingly.

This study has three important contributions. First, revealing the role of personality in tourist behavior; second, their behaviors and attitude before (motivation and personality) during (destination quality and satisfaction) and after visiting (behavioral intentions) were examined; and third, personality, travel motivation, destination quality and satisfaction are discussed together as a model in this study.